In addition to waxing and waning in a pattern, the moon rises and sets in a pattern. Here is how the moon moves in relation to the sun.
The new moon is a tiny crescent waxing close behind the sun.
The first quarter moon is at its highest point (north or south) as the sun sets.
The full moon always rises as the sun sets.
The full moon is at its highest point (north or south) at midnight.
When the full moon is setting, the sun is always rising.
The last quarter moon rises at midnight.
The last quarter moon is highest (directly north or south) at sunrise.
The waning crescent moon rises at dawn, just before the sun rises.